{"id":42048,"date":"2023-06-07T01:44:17","date_gmt":"2023-06-07T01:44:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kdanmobile.com\/blog\/?p=42048"},"modified":"2023-06-09T01:12:50","modified_gmt":"2023-06-09T01:12:50","slug":"12-principles-of-animation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation","title":{"rendered":"What Are the 12 Principles of Animation?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Every profession has fundamental principles that must be mastered to become sufficient within the field. Animation is no different.&nbsp;These 12 basic principles, including those specific to digital animation and realistic character animation, are crucial for your development. So, make sure to bookmark this post!&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p>Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston, the pioneers of animation in the early 1900s, developed these principles that are still relevant today.&nbsp;They essentially serve as the animation laws of physics for creating realistic motion.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_80 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#History_Of_The_12_Principles_Of_Animation\" >History Of The 12 Principles Of Animation<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#Animation_Desk_for_Education\" >Animation Desk for Education<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#The_12_Animation_Principles_Explained\" >The 12 Animation Principles Explained<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#1_Squash_and_Stretch\" >1.&nbsp;Squash and Stretch<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#2_Anticipation\" >2.&nbsp;Anticipation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#3_Staging\" >3.&nbsp;Staging<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#4_Straight_Ahead_Action_Pose-to-Pose\" >4.&nbsp;Straight Ahead Action &amp; Pose-to-Pose<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#5_Follow_Through_and_Overlapping_Action\" >5.&nbsp;Follow Through and Overlapping Action<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#6_Ease_In_Ease_Out\" >6.&nbsp;Ease In, Ease Out<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#Animation_Desk_for_Education-2\" >Animation Desk for Education<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#7_Arcs\" >7.&nbsp;Arcs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#8_Secondary_Action\" >8.&nbsp;Secondary Action<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#9_Timing\" >9.&nbsp;Timing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#10_Exaggeration\" >10.&nbsp;Exaggeration<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#11_Solid_Drawing\" >11.&nbsp;Solid Drawing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#12_Appeal\" >12.&nbsp;Appeal<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#Tips_On_Applying_The_12_Principles\" >Tips On Applying The 12 Principles&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#How_Animation_Desk_Can_Animate_You\" >How Animation Desk Can Animate You&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/12-principles-of-animation\/#Animation_Desk\" >Animation Desk<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"History_Of_The_12_Principles_Of_Animation\"><\/span>History Of The 12 Principles Of Animation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Have you heard of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.waltdisney.org\/exhibitions\/walt-disneys-nine-old-men-masters-animation#:~:text=The%20famed%20nine%20were%3A%20Les,Wolfgang%20Reitherman%2C%20and%20Frank%20Thomas.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Nine Old Men<\/a>? Milt Kahl, Marc Davis, Frank Thomas, and others were among Disney\u2019s core creators responsible for Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella, and many more famous movies and shorts. They are Disney legends and their animations will be forever remembered as classics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of the Nine Old Men, Frank and Ollie created the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/en\/animation-desk\/education\/12-principles-of-animation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">12 principles of animation<\/a>. Their guide became an essential mastery list for all aspiring and established animators. Though they were made in the 1930s, the 12 principles were first published in 1981 in their book <em>The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The 12 principles have been a staple for Disney animators ever since their inception. Most animators around the world subscribe to these principles, and rightfully so. Look at how amazing Disney animation has become partially because of the principles!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"cta-block_60c34d1c9263e2b54b1f826cbd3343d9\" class=\"cta-container theme-ad\">\n    <div class=\"cta-left-wrapper\">\n        <h3 class=\"cta-title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Animation_Desk_for_Education\"><\/span>Animation Desk for Education<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n        <ul>\n          <li>Simple, intuitive, and fun!<\/li>\n          <li>Animate on phone &#038; tablet<\/li>\n          <li>Teacher &#038; student discount<\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"cta-right-wrapper\">\n       <p class=\"cta-tips\">Create animations and showcase stories!<\/p>\n       <a class=\"cta-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/animation-desk\/education\" target=\"_blank\">Get Offer<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_12_Animation_Principles_Explained\"><\/span>The 12 Animation Principles Explained<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The history of animation is vast and intriguing. But let\u2019s get into each specific principle so you can continue your journey as a successful animator.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=615%2C435&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"12 Principles of Animation\" class=\"wp-image-456564\" width=\"615\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=1024%2C724&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=300%2C212&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=768%2C543&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=1536%2C1086&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=2048%2C1448&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?resize=1200%2C848&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-Principles-of-Animation-.png?w=1680&amp;ssl=1 1680w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Squash_and_Stretch\"><\/span>1.&nbsp;Squash and Stretch<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Gravity, an influential force in our real life that imparts a sense of weight, holds significance. Squash and stretch in animation enable us to perceive the effects of gravity on animated creations, creating an illusion that resonates with our perception. By expanding (stretching) and compressing (squashing) characters, the illusion of weight and natural movement is achieved. Pixar&#8217;s Day &amp; Night serves as a remarkable exemplification of this principle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\ud83d\udc49<a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/yK6drsw-bFQ?feature=share\">Check this example of squash and stretch in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Anticipation\"><\/span>2.&nbsp;Anticipation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Anticipation.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Anticipation.png?resize=400%2C182&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"12 principles of animation - anticipation\" class=\"wp-image-453859\" width=\"400\" height=\"182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Anticipation.png?resize=300%2C136&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Anticipation.png?resize=768%2C349&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Anticipation.png?w=894&amp;ssl=1 894w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 85vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>This principle, which includes the illusion of movement and the use of extreme poses, is what transforms a book into a captivating page-turner. It provides your audience with a sense of anticipation, even when they may not be certain about what lies ahead. You accomplish this by strategically dropping hints throughout your storyline. For a remarkable demonstration of anticipation, I recommend watching Hercules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/nznCBAulzoQ?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;\ud83d\udc49Check this example of anticipation in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Staging\"><\/span>3.&nbsp;Staging<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Staging is setting the scene. Imagine watching a play where the characters are playing baseball, but the stage is set up like a bathroom. That needs to be clarified and will confuse the audience. Beauty and the Beast illustrate staging wonderfully.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When you\u2019re staging, you must ensure that the scenery matches the context of the shot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Colors<\/strong>: In the evening, you might use a lot of dark blue tones, whereas the morning may call for bright warm tones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lighting<\/strong>: A character in an open field should have brighter lighting than one under a tree.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Speed<\/strong>: Walking animation might have a slower-moving background compared to a running character.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/IoGG9kO3blI?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;\ud83d\udc49 Check the example of staging in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Straight_Ahead_Action_Pose-to-Pose\"><\/span>4.&nbsp;Straight Ahead Action &amp; Pose-to-Pose<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a two-in-one principle that addresses the drawing process in animation. Drawing out all of your scene&#8217;s frames by frame is called straight-ahead action. Pose-to-pose is when you only draw the&nbsp;key frames&nbsp;and fill in the rest later.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more fluid, realistic&nbsp;movement, consider straight-ahead action composition. This approach makes the most sense for action scenes. However, more dramatic scenes are best composed with the pose-to-pose method. This is because the relationship between the characters and the stage is far more relevant here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;\ud83d\udc49 <a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/st5IImbasNY?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Watch Cinderella to see how this principle is implemented.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Follow_Through_and_Overlapping_Action\"><\/span>5.&nbsp;Follow Through and Overlapping Action<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Follow-through and overlapping action are closely related techniques that bring the laws of physics to the animated world. For example, long flowing hair keeps moving after the person turns their head. This is follow through.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overlapping action,&nbsp;similar to how a rubber ball behaves,&nbsp;explains how different parts of a thing move at different speeds. For example, you can see this is a tree swaying in the wind. The tree&#8217;s trunk may move ever so slightly while the branches and leaves wave more frantically.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><meta charset=\"utf-8\">\ud83d\udc49 <a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/zs6TDcw2kfs?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">See how follow-through and overlapping action is used in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Ease_In_Ease_Out\"><\/span>6.&nbsp;Ease In, Ease Out<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Ease-in-Ease-out.png?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Ease-in-Ease-out.png?resize=356%2C222&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"12 principles of animation - ease in, ease out\" class=\"wp-image-456569\" width=\"356\" height=\"222\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Ease-in-Ease-out.png?resize=300%2C187&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Ease-in-Ease-out.png?w=740&amp;ssl=1 740w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 356px) 85vw, 356px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>This&nbsp;animation technique&nbsp;focuses on the time it takes to go (in) and stop (out). A common statistic shared about race cars is their 0 to 60 time. This is the time it takes for a car to go from 0 mph to 60 mph. Depending on the speed, a car coming to a full stop takes time as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The laws of physics are skewed in the animated world, of course. However, the more you take ease into account, the more realistic the movements will be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/HMA7_63UZuU?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&nbsp;\ud83d\udc49 Watch the example of ease in, ease out in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"cta-block_0851a321bf03323a636ccf906afeb0d0\" class=\"cta-container theme-ad\">\n    <div class=\"cta-image\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/AD_CTA_\u6559\u80b2\u7248_228x212.png);\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"cta-content\">\n       <h3 class=\"cta-title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Animation_Desk_for_Education-2\"><\/span>Animation Desk for Education<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n       <p class=\"cta-desc\">Learn animation with ease and unleash creativity!<\/p>\n       <a class=\"cta-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/animation-desk\/education\" target=\"_blank\">Get Offer<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Arcs\"><\/span>7.&nbsp;Arcs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-medium is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?ssl=1\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?resize=344%2C210&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-453851\" width=\"344\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?resize=300%2C183&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?resize=1024%2C625&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?resize=768%2C469&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?resize=1200%2C732&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Arc.jpg?w=1406&amp;ssl=1 1406w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 344px) 85vw, 344px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Due to the influence of gravity, objects in motion through the air tend to follow an arched trajectory rather than a straight line. This natural action allows for sufficient forward movement while gravity exerts its downward pull. To achieve greater realism, animations should incorporate implied arcs, following the inherent circular paths dictated by gravity&#8217;s influence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/tkU9d_W86js?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\ud83d\udc49 Check this example of arcs in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Secondary_Action\"><\/span>8.&nbsp;Secondary Action<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>To bring your animation to life, add a secondary supporting action. For example, when people walk, their arms sway in the same rhythm as their feet. Walking (movement of the legs and feet) is the primary action while swaying arms is the secondary action. You might add a head bob or bounce as well. With all the wind action in Pocahontas, it\u2019s the perfect movie to study secondary action.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 <a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/hM_C8e-Hrn0?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Check this example of secondary action in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Timing\"><\/span>9.&nbsp;Timing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Principle of animation: Timing\" width=\"840\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-UgvyNEuMvQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>This principle, known as correct timing in character animation, revolves around the meticulous creation of frames for each action. By increasing the number of frames, the fluidity of the action is enhanced, lending a greater sense of realism. Moreover, precise timing imparts the illusion that the animation adheres to the laws of physics. The Incredibles masterfully employs timing adjustments, striking a harmonious balance between playfulness and realism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Exaggeration\"><\/span>10.&nbsp;Exaggeration<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Animation Principle Exaggeration\" width=\"840\" height=\"630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/63L9N-Mj07w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Adding a touch of exaggeration can transform a mundane animation into something captivating. Incorporating elements of dramatic movement can infuse intrigue and hold the viewer&#8217;s attention. However, caution must be exercised to avoid excessive exaggeration, unless it aligns with a deliberate and distinct stylistic choice. In such cases, consistency becomes key, ensuring that the exaggeration is consistently applied throughout the animation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_Solid_Drawing\"><\/span>11.&nbsp;Solid Drawing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Solid Drawing Animation\" width=\"840\" height=\"473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NI7Xc_YhhbE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>All animation, including 3D animation, is fundamentally rooted in 2D. By skillfully incorporating shadows and highlights, flat objects can create the illusion of depth and simulate a 3D appearance. This technique, known as solid drawing, is dedicated to capturing the essence of three-dimensionality and imbuing the artwork with a lifelike quality.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Appeal\"><\/span>12.&nbsp;Appeal<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>This isn&#8217;t solely determined by cheerful or pretty appearances. The appeal in animation extends beyond superficial qualities and encompasses the believability, likability, and ability to evoke empathy in animated characters. The integration of facial features plays a significant role in their overall appeal, while their seamless integration into the broader narrative further enhances their allure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/youtube.com\/shorts\/MDxUoHzQ5Bk?feature=share\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\ud83d\udc49  Check out this example of appeal in animation<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tips_On_Applying_The_12_Principles\"><\/span>Tips On Applying The 12 Principles&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The 12 principles of animation, essential for achieving realistic animation, go beyond mere rules to be skimmed through once or twice. Instead, they demand frequent revisiting and review throughout your projects. Treat them like a&nbsp;valuablechecklist, and make sure you&#8217;ve considered all 12 in your animation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Choose a movie to study and point out some of the instances of each principle. We recommend keeping a journal that you can reference later for inspiration and guidance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Also, peer review is for more than just science. Ask other animators to check your work and have your mentor take a look as you progress. In&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/animation-desk\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Animation Desk<\/a>, you can easily share your animations with other creators to get feedback that\u2019ll help you bring your creations to life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ask others to check your work. Ask your peers or a mentor to look at your project as you go.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_Animation_Desk_Can_Animate_You\"><\/span>How Animation Desk Can Animate You&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>You can practice the 12 principles of animation&nbsp;frame by frame&nbsp;in our app! Animation Desk is an easy-to-use&nbsp;animation software&nbsp;where animators create animations, cartoons, and animatics. Then, you can explore hand-drawn 2D animation using your phone or tablet. Showcase your creativity, whether you&#8217;re a seasoned animator or a beginner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Animation Desk has pre-built animation templates, clips, and photos to help beginners get their feet wet. Our intuitive interface guides you through basic animation processes for all kinds of animations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Experienced animators can capture ideas on the go right in the app. Animation Desk supports various export formats and is a powerful tool for professional storyboards and sketches. If you haven\u2019t already, download Animation Desk Now!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"cta-block_8f0d7d51e03e0d54af96d98e275b93dd\" class=\"cta-container theme-ad\">\n    <div class=\"cta-image\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Kdan-Blog-CTA-plug-in-228x212-1.png);\">\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"cta-content\">\n       <h3 class=\"cta-title\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Animation_Desk\"><\/span>Animation Desk<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n       <p class=\"cta-desc\">Create hand-drawn animation on phone and tablet.<\/p>\n       <a class=\"cta-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kdan.com\/animation-desk\" target=\"_blank\">Learn More<\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Discover the key foundations of animation! Learn the 12 principles that bring characters to life in this essential guide. Start animating today!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":8846,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[171],"tags":[24,866,865],"class_list":["post-42048","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-creative","tag-animation-desk","tag-fundamental-principles","tag-principles-of-animation"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What Are the 12 Principles of Animation? - KDAN Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the key foundations of animation! 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